Code Base
Drupal 8 comes integrated with Symfony framework, a high performing PHP framework with improved code security. Symfony will help Drupal developers with the following features.
Multi-lingual
Symfony comes with an in-built component called ‘Translation.’ It handles language files and helps developers manage website content in multiple languages, making it easy to create multilingual websites.
Serializer
This other component publishes the data in various formats from XML or JSOn. With it, Drupal can integrate with various 3rd parties to show data on a website.
Routing
With routing, developers define rules for making page URLs search engine friendly (SEO-friendly URLs). This creates better-ranking websites on search engines.
Object-Oriented Programming
Using object-oriented programming concepts, Symfony implements various properties of OOPS concepts.
On the other hand, Drupal 7 does not have a powerful framework to manage its codebase. Developers still use the Drupal 7 codebase to write functions, but the lack of framework features makes it harder to manage code effectively.
Theme Engine
Drupal 8 comes with a new theme engine –Twig. Twig is a PHP-based theme engine which allows programmers to write templates using a simpler syntax. But the developers can still use Twig to crate templates which are both fast and secure. Hence, the developers can take advantage of the new theme engine provided by Drupal 8 to create beautiful and functional websites according to varying business needs.
Caching and compiling
When your website page renders with Drupal 8, the Twig converts the template into compiled PHP template. After the compilation, the template files are cached for reuse. This allows for faster page access to site visitors.
Docblock
However, within Drupal 7, the developer uses the PHP template to write code with PHP syntax. So then, the docblock is written as:
<?php
/**
* @file
* File description
*/
?>
Within Drupal 8 the docblock is written as:
{
/**
* @file
* File description
*/
#}
Printing a variable
Drupal 7 (PHPTemplate):<div class="content"><?php print $content; ?></div>
Drupal 8 (Twig):<div class="content">{{ content }}</div>
Conditions
Drupal 7 (PHPTemplate):<?php if ($content->comments): endif; ?>
Drupal 8 (Twig): {% if content.comments %} {% endif %}
File and function names
Drupal 7 (PHPTemplate): node--article.tpl.php
Drupal 8 (Twig): node--article.html.twig
Responsive Design
Drupal 7 does not use breakpoint media queries. It has a different approach to manage how the site appears on various screens and devices.
Drupal 8 uses the breakpoint media queries, which saves any extra efforts to make a website responsive on various devices.
Text Editor
The next big difference is the text editor. Drupal 8 improves the editor in a new way. The new editor is named as CKEditor which offers WYSIWYG editing and a robust editor. The availability of WYSIWYG enables end users to have proper editing experience right from the backend.
Core Multilingual
Another aspect of Drupal that got overhauled in the Drupal 8 release is the multilingual feature. Four new modules were integrated into Drupal 8 including the interface translation, configuration translation, language, and content translation. By using these modules, developers can easily use these modules to translate content according to the website’s need.
Website Loading Speed
The current web is all about website speed. If a website doesn’t load within 3 seconds, it gets abandoned by the visitor. With Drupal 8, developers can now develop websites that load faster. It is done by improving caching entities. The method is to ensure that the website doesn’t load assets again if the visitor has visited the page earlier.
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